The most used Zinc Oxide additive feed
enterprises provide zinc as zinc source to supplement animal needs and
dilute effect of tensile, after it has limitations that the long-term
production practice, so the animal nutrition scholars and enterprises
have been trying to find a good alternative, now to study a variety of
alternatives. But there are some limitations, basic zinc chloride as a
new alternative to a Zinc Oxide has shown many advantages. In the
present case is a good substitute for Zinc Oxide.
Keywords zinc chloride Zinc Oxide
Zinc is an essential element of the animal, it exists in all body
tissues and organs, which mainly exists in bone, muscle, liver, kidney
and skin. In food and feed is most zinc bound. There are mainly related
proteins or amino acids, nucleic acid or combination of phytic acid.
Zinc must be released from these compounds can be tissue absorption.
Because of its extensive physiological functions in the body, known as
the "life element", zinc is a component in the 40 kinds of metal enzyme
activator, 200 enzymes, involved in nucleic acid and protein synthesis,
energy metabolism, redox, cellular immunity and humoral immunity. In
addition, there are reports that: zinc can promote the rapid
regeneration of tongue mucosa of taste bud cells, enhance the role of
appetite. When zinc deficiency can lead to metabolism disorder, affect
animal growth and immunity. High zinc is mainly used in young livestock
diets, according to reports, early weaned piglets diets supplemented
with high zinc can reduce piglet diarrhea, improve the daily gain,
improved feed conversion.
1 Zinc Oxide
Due to the use of antibiotics is increasingly restricted. Although the
zinc salt absorption and utilization rate is low, but it has very good
antibacterial effect, so in production caused by abuse of high zinc, the
young livestock and poultry especially piglets, high zinc to prevent
diarrhea of weaned piglets plays a big role, it is understood. The
current feed manufacturers in weaned piglets are mostly used in high
zinc to prevent piglet diarrhea diarrhea, the amount has exceeded the
normal animal requirement of 20 ~ 30 times, reached the high level of
3000mg pharmacological measurement of zinc / kg Zinc Oxide is even
higher. This will break the original balance of various elements,
increase the amount of other trace elements is inevitable, so
manufacturers generally add quantity of copper and iron were increased
to 160 ~ 250mg / kg. Too much mineral feed, will lead to reduce the
stability of vitamin and other nutrients was reduced to a series of
problems, which not only increases the difficulty in the design of feed
formula, the effect of feed quality and increase the cost of feed.
Holm (1988), Poulsen (1989) proposed that the drug level of zinc source
Zinc Oxide (Gao Xin) can be used for effective control of Escherichia
coli. Most studies reported that high zinc sources only Zinc Oxide has
anti diarrhea and growth promoting effect, but at the same time, Zinc
Oxide reported various zinc sources in biological utilization rate is
the lowest. Weaning is about 5% ~ 10%, most of them from the feces
discharged, not being used (Hoover, 1997), causing serious pollution to
the environment. According to Japanese experts speculated that if the
zinc in the soil manure. All the zinc content will exceed the standard
in 17 years (120mg / kg), contaminated land will no longer have
arability (Yu Yanhu, 2002).
In addition, the dust is very large, there is great harm to feed
producers, mineral feed production personnel long-term exposure to high
doses. Can cause skin damage, and induce skin cancer, even into
secondary lung cancer; large dust suction Zinc Oxide, can cause zinc
toxicity, a zinc can be inhaled 40mg attack after inhalation 80mg
attack.
Especially in the later stage of fattening livestock, most scholars
believe that the increase in feed mineral, animal susceptible to Fenton
reaction in the slaughter, thus speeding up the meat and meat products
rancidity speed (Wen Jie, 2002). Especially in weaned piglets, Zinc
Oxide is appropriate to add period in two weeks after weaning, but due
to the actual situation of refueling trouble, often with high Zinc Oxide
will feed more than two weeks, the resulting piglets lose luster, dry
fur. In the growth promoting effect on the body, is also affected by the
increase of zinc residue.
2 basic zinc chloride
Basic zinc chloride is a kind of new pharmacological additive, has
antibacterial anti diarrhea effect. The molecular formula is Zn5Cl2 (OH)
8. H2O, molecular weight: 551.89, as a feed additive is generally not
deliquescence, white powder, soluble in acid, insoluble in water,
soluble in ammonia water and alkali, stable properties, and Zinc Oxide,
zinc sulfate compared with good palatability, safe and non-toxic, heavy
metal content Jiale zinc is low, stable quality control. Good fluidity,
no caking, is an ideal additive.
2.1 basic zinc chloride can well prevent piglet diarrhea diarrhea
Basic zinc chloride has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect and
convergence effect, the growth and proliferation of a, can inhibit
harmful bacteria, reduce bacteria toxin production; B, the convergence
of intestinal epithelial cells, reduce the cell exudation and fluid
secretion, and promote the repair of intestinal mucosa; C sphincter and
anal intestinal smooth muscle contraction, reduce intestinal peristalsis
and faeces. Increase water absorption to control diarrhea effect. Basic
zinc chloride not only on the nutrition of diarrhea prevention and
treatment effect, and the prevention and treatment of bacterial
diarrhea. The molecular state of basic zinc chloride and Zinc Oxide only
play a growth promoting, anti diarrhea effect, only a few basic zinc
chloride in part of stomach acid dissolve more in molecular state into
the small intestine and large intestine without being dissolved, so the
anti diarrhea effect is more significant.
2.2 basic zinc chloride can